DERMATOFIBROMA: how to identify this characteristic nodule and not confuse it with a "mole".

Today, I want to talk to you about a very common topic in dermatology: dermatofibroma. It is a skin lesion that, although quite common, many people are not very familiar with. My aim with this post is to provide detailed and useful information about dermatofibroma so that you can better understand this lesion.

1|      WHAT IS A DERMATOFIBROMA?

Dermatofibroma is a type of benign skin tumour that usually appears as a small firm nodule on the skin surface.

Although the term "tumour" might sound alarming, it is important to highlight that dermatofibromas are entirely benign and rarely require medical treatment.

These nodules are usually brown or reddish in colour, can vary in size (typically measuring between 0.5 - 1 cm in diameter) and are often found on the legs, especially in women, although they can appear on any part of the body.

2|      CAUSES OF DERMATOFIBROMA

The exact cause of dermatofibroma is not known, but it is believed that they may be related to a scarring response of the body.

It is thought that these nodules may develop as a response to minor skin injuries, such as insect bites, punctures, "spots" or folliculitis (ingrown hairs).

3|      SYMPTOMS AND DIAGNOSIS

Dermatofibromas generally do not cause significant symptoms, but they can be sensitive to touch or cause occasional itching. In some cases, the nodules may change colour over time, becoming darker.

To diagnose a dermatofibroma, a dermatologist may perform a physical examination and, in some cases, a skin biopsy. A biopsy involves removing a small sample of the nodule for laboratory analysis, thus ensuring that it is a dermatofibroma and not another skin lesion.

4|      TREATMENT OF DERMATOFIBROMA

Since dermatofibromas are benign, treatment is generally not necessary unless the nodule causes physical or aesthetic discomfort.

Some treatment options include:

• SURGERY: Surgical removal of the nodule is the most definitive option, but it can leave a scar.
   
• CRYOTHERAPY: This method uses liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy the nodule. It is a less effective method and would only be suitable for very small and superficial lesions.
   
• LASER: Laser treatments can reduce the appearance of the dermatofibroma, although they do not completely eliminate it.
   

Each treatment has its pros and cons, and the choice depends on personal preferences and the dermatologist's recommendations.

5|      CARE AND PREVENTION

Although there is no sure way to prevent dermatofibromas, keeping the skin in good condition may help reduce the risk of developing them.

Here are some tips:

• Avoid cuts and grazes: Be careful to avoid skin injuries, especially with hair removal methods.
   
• Care with insect bites: Properly treat insect bites to prevent infections that may lead to the formation of dermatofibromas.
   
• Keep the skin moisturised: Use moisturising creams to keep the skin soft and healthy.

6|      MYTHS / REALITIES ABOUT DERMATOFIBROMA

There are several myths about dermatofibroma that should be clarified:
 

MYTH: Dermatofibromas are contagious.

REALITY: No, dermatofibromas cannot be transmitted from one person to another.
 

MYTH: All nodules on the skin are dermatofibromas.

REALITY: No, there are many skin lesions that can cause nodules, and it is crucial to obtain an accurate diagnosis.
 

MYTH: Dermatofibromas must always be removed.

REALITY: Treatment is only necessary if they cause discomfort or aesthetic concerns.

7|      SPECIAL CASES

Although dermatofibromas are generally benign and uncomplicated, there are rare cases where they can be confused with more serious lesions, such as dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.

This type of skin lesion has different significance and requires a different type of treatment, as it is a form of skin cancer. Therefore, it is essential that any new or changing nodule on the skin is evaluated by a dermatologist.

CONCLUSION

Dermatofibroma is a common skin lesion that, although benign, can cause concern if not well known. As a dermatologist in Porto, my goal is to educate the public about these and other skin lesions.

 If you have a dermatofibroma or any other skin problem, do not hesitate to come and see me for a complete evaluation. I offer the best possible care to my patients.

I hope this information has been useful to you and I invite you to continue visiting my blog for more advice and updates on dermatology.

With affection and dedication,